Optical ground wire
Such cable combines the functions of grounding and communications. An OPGW cable contains a tubular structure with one or more optical fibers in it, surrounded by layers of steel and aluminum
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Overhead ground wire composite optical cable (OPGW) should be reliably grounded at the entry portal to prevent the optical cable from being broken by induced voltage and interrupted when a short circuit occurs in the line. An optical ground wire (also known as an OPGW or, in the IEEE standard, an optical fiber composite overhead ground wire) is a type of cable that is used in overhead power lines. It's a specialized cable used in power transmission lines that combines two crucial functions: Electrical grounding: It acts as a shield wire at the top of transmission towers, protecting the system from lightning strikes by safely channeling electrical surges.